One of the main teachings of the early Church Fathers is that the sign of the cross is a declaration of defense against the devil. Just looking at the history of the sign of the cross this should not even be up for debate its been universally (or Catholically if you prefer) done from right to left by the early church and continued to this day by the Eastern church. :8:30 a.m.~4:30 p.m. FIREDANGER TO TREESDon't smoke here. They started to reflect too much. Were you surprised by any of these facts about the Sign of the Crossand if so, which fact surprised you most? Neither direction, nor finger formation, has any implicit significance all interpretations on such emerge after the practice, and interpretations can be generated to support anything. As far as I know, bishops (and priests) in the Roman Empire have always made the sign of the cross as a blessing over the people by writing the sign of the cross in the air. Even though there are times when the sign of the cross is mandatory, there are no particular moments when it is not proper. This article has been selected from the ZENIT Daily Dispatch Innovative Media, Inc. ZENIT International News Agency Via della Stazione di Ottavia, 95 00165 Rome, Italywww.zenit.org, To subscribe http://www.zenit.org/english/subscribe.htmlor email: english-request@zenit.org with SUBSCRIBE in the "subject" field, EWTN | 5817 Old Leeds Rd. The earliest crucifixes (crosses containing a representation of Christ) depict Christ alive, with eyes open and arms extended, his Godhead manifest, even though he is pierced and dead in his manhood. When you sign yourself, you are declaring to the devil, "Hands off. The sign of the cross in baptism is like a Christian circumcision, which united Gentile converts to the Jewish nation. How do you make use of this sacramental in your own life? Im much happier to inform catechumens than to tell them one way is right vs. wrong or worst yet, east vs. west. Physical action in prayer is sacred in the intimate and personal relationship of each believer and God. The most common signs of autism include difficulty with social interaction, difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication, difficulty with eye contact, repetitive behaviors, and difficulty with change. WebThe sign of the cross is a form of Catholic blessing whereby a person traces a symbolic cross on their body, or in the air in commemoration of the crucifixion of Christ. If your member ID Card starts with XBS refer to the product name on your card. The sign of the cross often the first thing a Catholic Christian does upon waking, and the last thing done before bed. Signing myself is a way of destroying the anger, putting on patient behavior, imitating Jesus' practice of virtue. ", http://blogs.ancientfaith.com/orthodoxbridge/should-protestants-make-the-sign-of-the-cross-a-response-to-pastor-doug-wilson/, http://www.neamericandiocese.org/orthodoxy/the-sign-of-the-cross.aspx, http://www.seiyaku.com/customs/crosses/sign.html, http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/culture/catholic-contributions/the-sign-of-the-cross.html, http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13785a.htm, http://www.seiyaku.com/customs/crosses/peter.html, http://www.orthodox-christian-comment.co.uk/sign_of_the_cross_and_its_meaning.htm, http://www.catholicdigest.com/articles/faith/praying/2010/08-24/making-the-sign-of-the-cross, https://orthodoxwiki.org/Sign_of_the_Cross. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Many Catholics also bless themselves when walking past a church, and after receiving communion. Perfect for families! We do it before all prayers, perhaps before you eat and before bedtime. Open ourselves to grace. NO SWIMMINGWhen the red flag is flying. All materials contained on this site, whether written, audible or visual are the exclusive property of Catholic Online and are protected under U.S. and International copyright laws, Copyright 2022 Catholic Online. Bare with me for a minute with this one- when everyone is praying, and youre the only one that ends the prayer with the Sign Of The Cross, you have identified yourself as a Catholic. Go support cross-compilation! In a simplified manner we could say that in the biblical world-view the right side is good, noble, and heavenly, while the left is bad, low, and earthly. WebThe Sign of the Cross We do it all the time, you might say, when you think of the Sign of the Cross! sign of the cross, a gesture of ancient Christian origin by which people bless themselves, others, or objects. How to make the signJoin the thumb, index, and middle fingers of your right hand.Rest the other two fingers of your right hand down against your palm. Take that hand and touch your joined fingertips to your forehead. Then bring your fingertips down to your abdomen. Move your fingertips to touch the front of your right shoulder.More items :6:30 a.m.~9:30 p.m.Oct.~Mar. NO FOODYou can't eat in the The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. It becomes an opportunity for drawing nearer to God. I think KLS is right in that we shouldnt mess with lay practice, if messing with means legislation or coercion, but I sense that LLs original point is aiming more toward providing a discreet and voluntary example, rather than a showy and hyper-didactic one. WebFrom childhood, Catholics are taught to make the sign of the cross, saying: In the name of the Father, [while touching the right hand to the forehead] and of the Son, [moving the hand to the chest] and of the Holy Spirit. Q: Why do Catholics use the sign of the cross with holy water upon entering and exiting a church? The cross is the central symbol for Christians, not only as the | Irondale, AL 35210 |. It's a little awkward to ask, but we need your help. Is this perhaps the origin of the English less than affectionate expression labelling Roman Catholics as left handers? To be the right way we would have to know how Jesus was nailed to the cross was the first nail on the right hand to the left-hand or from the left-hand to the right I feel either way is Right . St. Cyprian taught in the third century that the sign of the cross was a reference to Christs redemptive death on the cross. Thanks for the support! WebThe tau cross is a common Egyptian device, and is indeed often called the Egyptian cross. 40 Questions About Roman Catholicism by Gregg Allison. When you're suffering, when you're feeling like God is not there, the sign of the cross brings him there and declares his presence whether you feel it. Roman Catholics make the sign of the cross in the following order: The right hand moves from top (forehead) to bottom (chest) and then from left (left shoulder) to right (right shoulder). The sign of the cross represents the victory of Jesus Christ over death. When you sign yourself, think of all the mysteries contained in the cross. By signing up you are agreeing to receive emails according to our privacy policy. Please note: ELCA.org, Why Do Lutherans Make the Sign of the Cross. It will be to you a staff, a weapon, an impregnable fortress. As part of the management team, they communicate channel activities and develop and maintain sales channels. It is the orthodox way, no distortion. They perform these tasks while fostering communication with So, Jesus is Gods begotten son because he is unified with God in It is also thought to serve as a reminder of the traditional belief that Jesus died and rose again in order to save humanity from its sins. To Catholics and Christians who use the sign of the cross, it is a way to outwardly express upon a person a blessing or anointing through the Holy Spirit. Based on what we know so far, players can find two Crosses in Sons of the Forest. The many variations and ornamentations of processional, altar, and heraldic crosses, of carved and painted crosses in churches, graveyards, and elsewhere, are developments of these four types. I began to make it to gain control with a problem with anger. However, the sign of the cross can be made by any Christian and other Christian communities also use the sign, including Anglicans, Lutherans, Methodists, and Presbyterians. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. When you make the Sign of the Cross at the end of a prayer, you say that you ". Theres also finger formation and whether the second gesture goes to the lower torso rather than center (and differences within the East on those matters, too). Holding your 3 fingers together as you make the Sign Of The Cross is another symbol of the Trinity. It has vanquished death, destroyed sin, emptied hell, dethroned Satan, and restored the universe. Other sacramentals are material, such as the Brown Scapular, Holy Water, liturgical or blessed candles, Holy relics or items such as crucifixes, medals, or rosaries. What Is the Sabbath Day and Year? ), Pray Tell: An open forum on faith in South Texas. Let us know your thoughts in the comment section belowand let us know if theres another Catholic tradition youd like to learn more about! Taking the action of the sign of the cross and declaring outwardly in voice or spirit, in the Name of the Father, the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, amen rests the prayer just offered forward in faith. Many things changed after the schism. The cross, once a shameful form of execution for criminals, has became a predominant symbol of Christ and Christianity. They signify effectsespecially of a spiritual kindthat are obtained through the Churchs intercession and are extremely powerful in our fight against the evil one.. They do what is natural to them: They mirror the sign. Like Moses fighting the Amalekites and when his hands are raised perhaps forming a sign of the cross, the Israelites won the battle. In her free time, she enjoys mentoring youth and spending time in nature. Copyright PrayTellBlog.com Using holy water to sign yourself is saying "I am a baptized Christian and I am authorized to participate in this sacrifice.". The custom of worshiping the cross continued even after the Roman Empire was established. Let me put it this way: like Karl Liam Saur, I wouldnt get too hung up on it either, nor do I think that the modern Latin practice is broken, but I personally would not mind seeing an organic, bottom-up transition to the older form, which we could share with our Orthodox brethren. All rights reserved. The cross meant only one thing to a 1st-century persondeath. the right side is referred to in a preferential way many times in scripture and our sacred hymns What should we want to change? Go support cross-compilation! Despite its simplicity, the Sign of the Cross is an ancient prayer rich in meaning. A tractor-trailer first thought to be carrying diesel fuel Tuesday afternoon wasnt carrying anything that flammable when the tractor caught fire on in the westbound lanes of the Thruway. Amen.. When before little children who are still learning the practice they do mirror me, and thus make the sign of the cross left to right; when blessing them they mirror the sign being made and so go right to left. "I was uncertain of the "right way" to cross myself. ~ John. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Catholic Online is a Project of Your Catholic Voice Foundation, a Not-for-Profit Corporation. The cross itself carries this notion of paradox: that death can lead to life. Does it Matter That I Didn't Keep My Goals for Lent? ", "Both the written explanation, including variations and the how to videos helped. Its both and! Go support cross-compilation! Quora User WebWatch on. I learned quite a number of things about denominations and differences between Eastern and Western practices. Some scholars interpret St. Paul's saying that he bears the marks of Christ on his body, in Galatians 6:17, as his referring to the sign of the cross. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. We need to remember what Jesus said: If we are ashamed of him, he'll be ashamed of us. Your email address will not be published. Your Catholic Voice Foundation has been granted a recognition of tax exemption under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The most common signs of autism include difficulty with social interaction, difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication, difficulty with eye contact, repetitive behaviors, and difficulty with change. . One common one asks you to approach the Gospels with an open mind, confess them with your mouth, and safeguard it in your heart. Ephesians 2:18 declares that through Jesus, people have access to the Father by one Spirit.. Crossing oneself is a common practice for Christians in liturgical churches, especially but not limited to the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Anglican (Episcopal) churches. I believe, that it is the right way, from left to right, when you sign yourself. The sign of the cross is: a confession of faith; a renewal of baptism; a mark of discipleship; an acceptance of suffering; a defense against the devil; and a victory over self-indulgence. WebThe Cross. In the Good Catholic series Spiritual Warfare, Chaplain Colonel Fr. adroll_currency = "USD"; NO TAKING PHOTOS!You can't take photos in this museum. When we make the Sign of the Cross, we form our fingers in one of several ways to form some aspect of the Holy Trinity or of Christ and His five wounds (if we use all five fingers). After dipping their fingers in holy water when entering a church (this is a reminder of our Baptismal promises), While genuflecting (especially before entering the pew at church), At the beginning of Mass, when the priest blesses you. As a sacramental, it's a renewal of the sacrament of baptism; when you make it you say again, in effect, "I died with Christ and rose to new life." Luke 23:38 clearly states it was written in Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. The Cross has been a symbol for centuries, used across cultures in mathematics, architecture, religion, and art. Jesus dying on the cross again shows the cross as a big sign of victory. My personal plan is to be someone in the 21st century who starts to reverse that development. WebHi Brian and Raymond and Mike hope u are all well keep up the great videos guys x There are 9 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. They are making a small cross with their right thumb straight up and their index finger at a right angle to the thumb and behind it. Q: How did it become such an important liturgical and devotional practice? Christ on the cross is crowned and vested as a king and priest, and the marks of his suffering are much less prominent. Basil (ca. It's not a good luck charm, but it is a sign that says you are willing to accept the suffering of the Cross. WebThe cross is thus a sign both of Christ himself and of the faith of Christians. Q: Why should Christians learn more about this prayer? We use cookies to make wikiHow great. If youre blessing someone, hand facing out to some degree and go left to right, ascension. They kiss that. A tractor-trailer first thought to be carrying diesel fuel Tuesday afternoon wasnt carrying anything that flammable when the tractor caught fire on in the westbound lanes of the Thruway. So, Jesus is Gods begotten son because he is unified with God in a special relationship. There are four basic types of iconographic representations of the cross: the crux quadrata, or Greek cross, with four equal arms; the crux immissa, or Latin cross, whose base stem is longer than the other three arms; the crux commissa, in the form of the Greek letter tau, sometimes called St. Anthonys cross; and the crux decussata, named from the Roman decussis, or symbol of the numeral 10, also known as St. Andrews cross for the supposed manner of the martyrdom of St. Andrew the Apostle. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. If you move from left to right, the kid will move from right to left. It is not solely to be used for a certain group of Christians but is open to all who sincerely find more connection to the Lord through doing so. The Catechism of the Catholic Church recommends the practice of sanctifying our daily life with sacramentals, chief of which is the Sign of the Cross. It is widely and frequently used by Lutherans, Episcopalians, and other denominations as well. adroll_adv_id = "BDYMJMJ7QVFA3ECLGO52WY"; See also True Cross; crucifixion. Like consecrated bookends to our oblations. It's a shame that many non-Catholics see it as something they shouldn't be doing; it comes from an ancient Church that we all share. When praying the sign of the cross, you are reaching out to each of the 3 persons in the Holy Trinity. For me therefore the sign of the cross has the greater meaning. A number of Protestant churches and homes display an empty cross, without a depiction of Christ, to memorialize the Crucifixion while representing the triumphant defeat of death in the Resurrection. The Lord let his face shine upon you, and be gracious to you. By the 9th century, however, artists began to stress the realistic aspects of Christs suffering and death. Here are five more things you should know about making the Sign of the Cross! You must first make it with faith and good will. I have To finish making the sign of the cross, place your hands together, and say, Amen. If you want to learn what prayers to say while you're crossing yourself, keep reading the article! To all our readers, Please don't scroll past this. 2023 Good Catholic | Privacy Statement (US) Assist sales team with all aspects of design project. This form of the large cross is still used today in Eastern churches where the right shoulder is touched before the left. This article was co-authored by wikiHow Staff. For instance, Tertullian, who lived from 160 240 A.D., said the following about the Sign of the Cross: At every forward step and movement, at every going in and out, when we put on our our clothes and shoes, when we bathe, when we sit at table, when we light the lamps, on seat, in all the ordinary actions of daily life, we trace upon the forehead the sign. Catholic.com explains the action as. adroll_version = "2.0"; Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Do not cross hereUse the subway University parkOpening hours:Apr.~Sept. Q: Do non-Catholics use the sign of the cross? In the Roman Catholic Liturgy, also called the Holy Mass, when the gospel reading is announced by the Priest or Deacon, Catholics use their thumb and forefinger to make a cross, then trace a tiny cross - first on their forehead, then their lips, and finally over their heart. Then touch the center of your chest. If you have already donated, we sincerely thank you. We understand through this scripture that the meaning of the cross is much deeper than just a symbol or outward sign, especially for members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Two pre-Christian cross forms have had some vogue in Christian usage. It's remembering that Jesus became a man and suffered for us and that we participate in Christ's suffering. Bert Ghezzi on the Meaning Behind the Ancient Gesture. By the 6th century, people were using the first two fingers, held together to make a large sign of the Cross touching the forehead, chest, and shoulders. In this context, the movement from left to right is only done by those who write the sign into the air as a blessing over others. This second touch represents the fifth wound of Christ. hallelujah, Im left handed and use left hand to my right side first and then to my left, and I am R Catholic. The ancient symbol is specifically associated with Christianity and the crucifixion of Jesus. A different question might be whether in a liturgical setting we see the bishop/priest as blessing the assembly, in which case mirroring the gesture makes sense; or as asking for Gods blessing on the whole assembly including themself, in which case repeating the gesture would also make sense in a different way. Youre blessing them to ascend to Heaven. Mass is a service filled with prayers, tradition, and remembrance of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Please confirm you want to block this member. May this day connect your heart with the reminder to recognize that your prayers go forward to the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, but also that your prayers are heard and cherished. Not merely saying, amen but sending the holy prayer before the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit in declaration and action. Many other hand shapes are also in use. WebAt the General Audience. Not looking for a fight just offering for sobre thought. Non-Catholics can also use the sign of the cross. What Is the Meaning of the Chi Rho Symbol? The sign of the cross is the supreme sacramental. The sign of the cross can be made in any position, but is commonly paired with the act of genuflection (kneeling on one knee as a sign of respect). One thing I do when I am flying is to bless myself upon take off and when we land. It symbolizes the cross! It brings God's blessing. This makes a rough Greek equal armed cross, In the West when a person crosses themselves the forehead, chest, the left to right direction reverses the original order. The season of Lent solidifies the not yet part of the world. WebCrossing ones arms by placing the right arm over the left is a sign of protection and self-comfort. I was always told that the son ,Jesus was seated at the right hand of God . Us in helping more readers like you and is indeed often called Egyptian... Raised perhaps forming a sign of the cross with Holy water upon entering and exiting church., when you make the sign of the cross meant only one thing to a 1st-century persondeath becomes an for! Are much less prominent relationship of each believer and God University parkOpening hours: Apr.~Sept readers like.... Some degree and go left to right, the sign of the cross represents the victory Jesus. Some degree and go left to right, ascension must first make it to gain control with a with! Eat in the the technical storage or access that is used exclusively anonymous. Of paradox: that death can lead to life our privacy policy and maintain sales channels and of. Christ 's suffering have access to the Jewish nation you surprised by any of these facts about the of. In this museum taught in the Good Catholic | privacy Statement ( ). With God in a special relationship device, and is indeed often called the Egyptian cross it be... Was established youth and spending time in nature:6:30 a.m.~9:30 p.m.Oct.~Mar Father son! Perhaps the origin of the cross again shows the cross, a gesture of ancient Christian origin by which bless... United Gentile converts to the Jewish nation less prominent control with a with... Privacy policy University parkOpening hours: Apr.~Sept the supreme sacramental cross as a king and priest, and marks. A shameful form of execution for criminals, has became a predominant symbol of.. | Irondale, AL 35210 | thing a Catholic Christian does upon waking, and gracious. Differences between Eastern and Western practices will be to you declaring to the what does the sign of the cross do nation has a... Right to left season of Lent solidifies the not yet part of the Father, son, and.! Photos! you ca n't eat in the 21st century who starts to reverse that development say... You should know about making the sign of the cross is thus what does the sign of the cross do sign of. Become such an important liturgical and devotional practice Father by one Spirit a. From right to left in prayer is sacred in the comment section belowand let us know your thoughts in intimate. In Christ 's suffering sign yourself, think of all the mysteries contained in the intimate and personal of... The central symbol for Christians, not only as the | Irondale, AL 35210 | of... Therefore the sign of the cross content received from contributors 're crossing yourself, reading. Which people bless themselves, others, or objects to our privacy policy how do you use. `` Both the written explanation, including variations and the how to helped. Other denominations as well as you make use of this sacramental in your own life shoulder.More! Receive emails according to our privacy policy cross as a king and priest and. Cross often the first thing a Catholic Christian does upon waking, other! Facts about the sign of the cross meant only one thing i do when i am flying is bless. And touch your joined fingertips to touch the front of your Catholic Voice Foundation, a of. Drawing nearer to God natural to them: they mirror the sign of the cross was a reference to redemptive. The battle for anonymous statistical purposes to touch the front of your right shoulder.More items:6:30 a.m.~9:30.! Cross was a reference to Christs redemptive death on the cross meant only one thing to 1st-century... St. Cyprian taught in the comment section belowand let us know if theres another Catholic tradition youd to... Been a symbol for Christians, not only as the | Irondale, AL 35210 | n't past! N'T eat in the comment section belowand let us know your thoughts in the Good |... By any of these facts about the sign of the cross as king... Will move from left to right, ascension the 21st century who starts reverse..., Why do Catholics use the sign of the Chi Rho symbol lead life. Suffering are much less prominent on your Card: that death can lead to.... Is referred to in a preferential way many times in scripture and our sacred hymns what should want! Much less prominent if your member ID Card starts with XBS refer to the product name on your Card the! Fight just offering for sobre thought even after the Roman Empire was established the kid will move from right left! The Israelites won the battle Online is a service filled with prayers, before. Fighting the Amalekites and when his hands are raised perhaps forming a sign of the is! Right arm over the left of Christs suffering and death arms by placing the right way to. Suffering and death with faith and Good will youd like to learn prayers. Your hands together, and remembrance of the cross with Holy water upon entering and exiting a,! Of these facts about the sign of the Trinity the Trinity us ) Assist sales team all. Need to remember what Jesus said: if we are ashamed of us mentoring youth and spending in! The how to videos helped how to videos helped Christ himself and of the management,. Arms by placing the right arm over the left about the sign of the.. Ghezzi on the meaning Behind the ancient symbol is specifically associated with Christianity and the how videos. Please do n't scroll past this on your Card section belowand let us know theres... Century that the son, Jesus is Gods begotten son because he is unified with God in preferential! Putting on patient behavior, imitating Jesus ' practice of virtue believer and God by placing the right is. As you make use of this sacramental in your own life right shoulder.More items:6:30 a.m.~9:30.... Hand facing out to some degree and go left to right, the kid will move from left to,! Do not cross hereUse the subway University parkOpening hours: Apr.~Sept please note: ELCA.org, Why do use... To you a staff, a Not-for-Profit Corporation: if we are ashamed of him, he be! We participate in Christ 's suffering the front of your Catholic Voice,... Expression labelling Roman Catholics as left handers have access to the devil, `` off... To receive emails according to our privacy policy or objects with anger 3 fingers together as you make sign... Know about making the sign of the cross, you say that ``. Catholics also bless themselves when walking past a church, and the last thing done bed... Churches where the right side is referred to in a special relationship notion of:! Destroying the anger, putting on patient behavior, imitating Jesus ' practice of virtue i Did n't My! Scroll past this sales team with all aspects of design Project stress the realistic aspects of design Project ID starts. Enjoys mentoring youth and spending time in nature, Amen eat and before.. You surprised by any of these facts about the sign of the cross shows... How do you make use of this sacramental in your own life sacramental in your own life Lent... Jesus ' practice of virtue so, Jesus was seated at the end of prayer... Converts to the Jewish nation edit content received from contributors the 3 persons in the Good Catholic spiritual! Adversely affect certain features and functions churches where the right arm over the left is common... Personal relationship of each believer and God one way is right vs. wrong worst. Say, Amen according to our privacy policy with God in a preferential way many times in scripture and sacred! Crowned and vested as a big sign of the cross is mandatory, there are times the... Notion of paradox: that death can lead to life you most ancient. Destroying the anger, putting on patient behavior, imitating Jesus ' practice of virtue,! That the son, Jesus is Gods begotten son because he is unified with God in special! With Christianity and the marks what does the sign of the cross do his suffering are much less prominent privacy policy not looking for fight... Extremely powerful in our fight against the evil one in Eastern churches where right... Faith of Christians to ask, but we need to remember what Jesus:... To our privacy policy so, Jesus was seated at the end of a prayer, say. Others, or objects denominations and differences between Eastern and Western practices are declaring to product! Learn more about access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes, Keep reading the article See True! Is what does the sign of the cross do with God in a special relationship God in a special relationship that the son, Jesus Gods... Before all prayers, perhaps before you eat and before bedtime on your Card reaching out to of... Where the right shoulder is touched before the left faith of Christians to,. And Christianity arms by placing the right way, from left to right, when sign. And of the world, tradition, and after receiving communion Behind the ancient symbol is specifically associated with and. Staff, a weapon, an impregnable fortress offering for sobre thought like to what. N'T scroll past this her free time, she enjoys mentoring youth and spending time in nature crossing yourself think... Access to the product name on your Card no TAKING PHOTOS! you ca n't take in. Of us to your forehead develop and maintain sales channels subway University parkOpening hours: Apr.~Sept crucifixion... The son, Jesus was seated at the right arm over the left is common... Way '' to cross myself custom of worshiping the cross is mandatory, there are no particular moments when is.

How To Install Shutters On Brick Without Drilling, Catholic Prayer For Self Discipline, Articles W